ࡱ> ` %bjbjss 8h2***8@**liT,T,.,,,]-]-]-rititititititi$jhUmhi/]-]-//i,,iZ>Z>Z>/ ,,riZ>/riZ>Z>n^a,H, <*:_ ci0i_m:;Nm@ama]--hZ>W.T.G]-]-]-ii<]-]-]-i////d"$'$' Syllabus - JNVU-MPET -2017 Subject : Philosophy Unit-1.Indian Philosophy :Veda, Upanishad and Geeta:Essential concepts of (i) Rita, Yajna, Rina. (ii) Atman and Brahman.Charvaka: Pratyaksha as the only means of Valid Knowledge; Critique of anumana (inference) and Shabda (verbal-testimony)Jainism: Concepts of Dravya and Tattva, Anekantavada, Syadvada, Theory of KnowledgeBuddhism:Madhyam Pratipad: Pratityasamutpada (Doctrine of Dependent Origination); Four Noble truths, Ashtangamarga, Kshanbhangavada, Anatmavada. Unit-2.Nyaya:Prama & Aprama, Pramana: Pratyaksha and its Classification, Anumana, Shabda, Upamana, Arguments for the Existence of God.Vaisheshika: Classification of Padartha: Dravya, Guna, Karma, Samanya, Vishesha, Samavaya, Abhava, Asatkaryavada.Samkhya:Prakriti and its Vikara (evolutes); Arguments for the existence of Prakriti, Nature of Purusha; Arguments for the existence and plurality of Purusha, Satkaryavada.Yoga: Patanjali's Concept of Chitta and Chitta-Vritti. Eightfold Means of Yoga. Mimansa:Classification of Shrutivakya, Pramanyavada, Anvitabhidhanvada, Abhihitanwayanvada, Khyativada.Vedanta:Shankara : Brahman, Jiva; and Moksha, Vivartavada; Mayavada, Three grades of Satta. Ramanuja : Criticism of Mayavada, Ishwara and Mokasha, Parinamavada. Unit-3.Contemporary Indian Philosophy :Vivekananda:Universal religion; Nature of God; Nature of man; Ways of realisation: Jnana-Yoga, Bhakti-Yoga, Karma Yoga and Raja Yoga.Aurobindo:Nature of Creation: The World Process Involution and Evolution; Mind and Supermind: the triple status of Supermind and the triple transformation; Integral Yoga.Gandhi:God & Truth, Non-violence, Satyagraha: Ideal State and Sarvodaya.Radhakrishnan:Absolute & God, Nature of man, Insight. Unit-4.Western PhilosophySocrate: Socratic Method.Plato:Theory of Ideas, Knowledge and Opinion.Aristotle:Theory of Substance. Matter & Form (Potentiality and Actuality), Theory of Causation, God.St. Aquinas:Proofs for the Existence of God. Descartes:Method of Doubt and Cogito ergo sum; Criterion of Truth; Innate ideas; Descartes Concept of Substance & his dualism; Inter-actionism (Doctrine of the relation between mind & body).Spinoza:Substance (God); Attributes & Modes; the mind-body relation (Parallelism)Leibniz:Doctrine of Monads; Truths of reason and Truths of facts. Principles of non-contradiction & sufficient reason; Doctrine of Pre-Established Harmony, God. Unit-5.Locke: Refutation of Innate Ideas; Origin & Classification of Ideas; Distinction between Primary & Secondary Qualities; Concept of Substance.Berkeley:Refutation of Lockes Materialism; esse est percipi (subjective idealism); The Problem of Solipsism.Hume:Impressions & Ideas; Rejection of Metaphysics: Rejection of Matter, self and God, Scepticism.Kant:Classification of Judgements: Analytic & Synthetic: Possibility of A-priori-Synthetic Judgements, Theory of sense-perception (time & space as a priori forms of Intuition), Theory of Understanding (twelve categories of Understanding).Hegel:Absolute Idealism, Dialectical Method. Unit-6.Contemporary Western Philosophy :Moore:Refutation of Idealism. Defence of Common Sense. Russell:Logical Atomism Knowledge by Acquaintance & Knowledge by Description.Wittgenstein:Meaning as reference (picture theory of meaning): Facts and Objects, Names & Proposition; meaning as use (use theory of meaning), language-games.A.J.Ayer:Verifiability as Criterion of Meaning; Rejection of Metaphysics. G.Ryle:Systematically Misleading Expressions, Category Mistake.Husserl:General Introduction of Phenomenology, Historical Dimension, Presuppositionlessness, Intentionality.Sartre:Meaning of Existence, Absolute Freedom & Responsibility, Bad Faith.Peirce & James:Fixation of Belief, Fallibilism, Pragmatic Method of Philosophy, Will to Believe. Unit-7.Logic:Informal Fallacies, Uses of Language & Theory of Definition. Nature and Classification of Propositions. Square of Opposition & Categorical Syllogism. Laws of Thought. Truth-functional compound statements & concerned rules in term of truth-tables of various truth functional connectives/ operators, calculating truth-value of truth-functional compound statements. Determining Statement forms: Tautology, Contradictory and Contingent. Determining Validity/ Invalidity of arguments by the truth-table method. Indian Logic : Theory of Inference Nyaya, Jainism and Buddhism. Unit-8.Ethics:Basic Introduction: Will, Ought, Good, Right, Justice, Virtue, Evil, Means & End, Duty, Freedom & Responsibility, Karmavada, Purusharth. Ethical Theories: Socratic Ethics- Knowledge is Virtue; Unity of virtues. Plato's Ethics- Cardinal Virtue. Utilitarianism of J. Bentham and J.S. Mill. Kant's Concept of Good-will, Categorical Imperative. A.J. Ayer's Ethical Emotivism. R.M. Hare's Prescriptivism. Unit-9.Religion:Basic Concepts: Nature & Philosophy of Religion Faith and Revelation; Problems of Religious Language Problem of Evil. General Introduction of- Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism Judaism, Christianity, IslamUnit-10.Socio-political Philosophy:Relation Between Individual & Society, Right & Duty, Social Justice, Feminism, Democracy, Method of Social-Political Change Revolution, Satyagraha, Constitutionalism, Terrorism.  Recommended BooksS.S.Barlingay: A Modern Introduction to Indian Ethics. Nikunja Vihari Banerjee: The Spirit of Indian Philosophy. Frank Thilly: A History of Philosophy. B. Russell: History of Philosophy. Gilbert Ryle: Concept of Mind. William Lilie: An Introduction to Ethics. G. Pitcher: Philosophy of Wittgenstein. Mary Warnock: Ethics Since 1900 G.J. Warnock: Contemporary Ethics. J.S. Mackenzie: Manual of Ethics. William Frankena: Ethics. John Hospers: An Introduction to Philosophical Analysis. Chandradhar Sharma: A Critical Survey of Indian Philosophy (Hindi & English) Dr. Radhakrishnan: Indian Philosophy. I & II Vols. (Hindi & English) Datta & Chatterjee: Indian Philosophy (Hindi & English) Basant Kumar Lal: Contemporary Indian Philosophy (Hindi & English) Sinha, J.N.: Nitishastra (Hindi & English) Y. Masih: A Critical History of Western Philosophy (Hindi & English) John Hick: Philosophy of Religion (Hindi & English). Basant Kumar Lal: Contemporary Western Philosophy (Hindi & English) A.J. Ayer. : Language, Truth and Logic. (Hindi & English) I.M. Copi: Introduction to Logic. (Hindi & English) J.N. 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